Improvement in steam-engines



W. DENKMANN. STEAM ENGINE.

7 b M I @Mm/zmp m: Norms PETERS co. PHOTO-LITMQ, WASHINGTON, n c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM VDENKMANN, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

1 IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-ENGINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 40,336,'dated October 20, 1863.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM DENKMANN, of the city andcounty of Philadelphia, and

State of Pennsylvania,'haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Steam-Engines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which-- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a reciprocatin g engine and a steamgenerating chamber in connection therewith. Fig. -2 is a Vertical cross-section of Fig; 1 through the center of the valve c'ase' E. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section at the red line a bot Fig. 2. Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical sections in perspective of the valve case E. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of the valve F at the red line 0 d of Fig. 2,,

with the valve inverted. Fig. 7 is a vertical longitudinal section of the pump 0. Fig. 8 is'an end view of the same. Figs. 9 and 10 are views at right angles'with each other, of the shaft L and its connectionson a diminished scale, (shown in connection with the pump 0.)

Fig. 11 represents the yoke I and tappetj on the shaft K, for operating the slide G.

Like letters in all the figures represent th same parts. The nature of my inventionconsists in constructing and arranging in connection with the cylinder of a steam-engine a plurality of steamgenerating chambers in combination with pumps which force boiling water, to be converted into steam, into the chambers in the form of spray in advance of the time in which the cylinder is opened to receive the steam, and also a peculiarly-constructed valve for feeding the steam into the cylinder and exhausting the same therefrom.

The object of generating thy steam in advance ofthe time in which it"is used is to superheat it, similar in efl'ect to superheating the air in my air-eugine, which was patented December 16, 1862, but the mode of accomplishing the result, is different. The propriety of accomplishing the object becomes very apparent in view of the fact that at each stroke, when the water is injected into the chambers 13, the latter become thereby reduced in temperature, and should have sufficient time to regain their highly-heated state before steam is taken from them. This result I completely accomplish by having a plurality of steam-generating chambers, into which I inject water in regular succession in the or- Toenable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A represents a cylinder of areciprocating engine. As it is constructed in the usual man ner, aparticular description is not given.

B is one of 'a series of steam-generating chambers on. a diminished scale, which I arrange in a similarly-constructed furnace to .those used for steam-boilers.

-. O is a pump, on an enlarged scale, for feeding the water in the form of spray into the chamber B. There is a similar pump to each chamber of the series. The pump has a feedpipe, which is secured in the opening a.

D is the'piston of the pump, which in its forward motion forces the water through the semi-globular screen b, causing it to diverge in all directions, so as to strike uniformly the surface of the heated chamber 13, by which j action it is immediately converted into steam.

c is a check-valve of the pump, and d a similar valve of the piston.

E is a circular case through which ,the cylinder A is supplied with steam. It has openingsl, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 for the insertion of one end of steam-pipes,.the other ends of which connect separately with the steam-gem.

crating chambers B. A portion "of one of the pipes is represented in the drawings. The

opening 9, near the bottom of the case E,

communicates with the steam-passage c of the cylinder A, and the opening 10-with the passage f, for the purpose of supplying the cylinder with steam and exhausting the same in the manner I will hereinafter describe.

The openings 11 and-12 of the case E are In the case there is a steam-exhausts. rotary conical valve, E, which is operated by means of the slide G, operatingthe pawls gh, which turn the ratchetwheel H on the stemi of the sa d'yalvel- The slide G is operated by the yoke I byJneans of the tappet j on the shaft K. The yoke and shaft in connection are represented in Fig. 11. The said valve v the valve b there are intermediateopenings,

18, 19, 2a, and 2l, which take a perpendicular direction upward near the periphery of the valve to about one-half its height, as represented in Fig. 2, and then take an outward direction through the periphery of thevalve, and terminate with the openings 22, 23, 24, and 25. The last two numbers bcing on the opposite side of the valve, as represented in Fig. 2, are not seen. The series of pumps U, which are connected with the generating-chambers 1 are operated by the ratehetrshat't L by means-of the tappets h, a representation of which is given in Figs. 9 and 10. They are operated consecutively at vregular intervals, and the valve F opens the communications with the pipes which lead from the generatingchambers 13, to which they are severally connected, at'ter the chambers have all received their first supply of water, beginninglwith the one into which the water was first injected, and continuing throughout the whole series in the order of time in which they received their supply. Thuseach chamber continues to have the same amount of time to regain its maxin'ium heat after it receives its supply of water until the steam is drawn ofi' from it as it takes to'till the whole series of chambers, which suilices to bring the steam up'to ahigh degree ot'heatJt'm' the purpose of acquiring the amount of pressure which maybe desired.

The operation is as follows: After the chambers B have been heated and have reeeived an injection from the pumps (3, the valve F being brought with its inductionopening 13 into connection withthe opening 1 of the case E,the steam passes through the pipe 1 from the generating-chamber in connection therewith and down the central passage of the valve, and through the radialpassage 14, \vhichlis then in connection with the opening 9 of the case 16, and consequently passes through the passage 6 of the cylinder A into that end of the cylinder and drives the piston t'orward. Then the valve F being turned in the direction of the arrow in the manner described until the opening 13 of the valve comes into connection with the opening2 'ot' the case E, the steam flows through thevpipe which connnunicates with the next gcn'erazti-ng-ehamber and'the opening 13 of -the valve in the same manner as before described,'bnt through radial passage 16, which is now in connection'with the opening 10 ot the case I), and consequently through the passage of the cylinder A into that endof the cylinder, and the opening 18 ot' the valve being in connection with the passage 6 of the cylinder A and the opening 22, which is a termination of the opening 18, being also in connection with the exhaust ll of the case E,,the steam is exhausted from that end of the cylinder and the piston is driven back by the steam let into the other end, as described. The valve is then again turned one-eighth round, which brings the opening 13 into con-.

tion with all the opcningsot' the case E from c 1 to 8 consecutively the radial passages 14, 15, 16, and 17 ot the 'valve are brought alternatelyinto connection with each end of the cylinder A for the supply of steam, and the exhaust-openings 18, 1t), 20, and 21 reversely into "connection, as above described, for exhausting the same.

Havingthusfully described the construction and operation of theimproveirent' in steam-em gines as invented by me, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Lette-rs'Patent,

1. Combining and arranging the screens 1) with pumps Q and steamgenerating chambers 13 substantially as d'escrihed for the purpose of injecting water in the form of spray uniformly upon the surl'acc ot' the chambers. 2. The combination and arrangement of the valve-case E and valve F with the cylinder A and a plurality of steam-generating chambers B for the purpose of transmitting the steam from the chambers into the cylinder, substantially as described.

3. Qonstrueting the rotary alve 1 with the ii'iduction-opening 13, in connection with the exit-openings 14, i5, 16, and 17 when combined with and arranged to operate in relation to the case E and cylinder A for the purpose of supplying the latter with steam, substantially in the manner above described.

4. Constructing the valve F with the openings 18, 19, 20, and 2-1, in connection with the openings 22, 23,21, and 25 substantially as represented, when made to operate in connection with the passages e f of the cylindcr.A and the openings 11 and 12 ot' the case E in exhausting the steam from the cylinder, sub

W itncsses STEPHEN US'llUh', J onN Win'rn. 

